Film promo research-Kingsman:the secret service

Film promo research- Jurassic World

How are men represented in TV drama? How are women represented in TV drama? Is it different in different sub genres?

How men are represented in TV drama?
Men are typically seen of having power to show who is in control.

How women are represented in TV drama?
Women are sometimes seen as weak as the camera angles could be at a high angle, looking down at them to portray them as little and weak.

Is it different in sub genres?

editing documentary

Gender in media-definitions

Gender-the state of being male or female (typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones).

Mediation-the fact that any representation is not a reflection of reality but someone's version of it. 

Stereotype-a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.

Archetypes/ archetypal-the original pattern or model of which all things of the same type are representations or copies : prototype

Hegemonic norms-The processes by which dominant culture maintains its dominant position: for example, the use of institutions to formalize power; the employment of a bureaucracy to make power seem abstract (and, therefore, not attached to any one individual); the inculcation of the populace in the ideals of the hegemonic group through education, advertising, publication, etc.; the mobilization of a police force as well as military personnel to subdue opposition.

Male gaze – Laura Mulvey-The male gaze is a concept coined by feminist film critic Laura Mulvey. It refers to the way visual arts are structured around a masculine viewer. It describes the tendency in visual culture to depict the world and women from a masculine point of view and in terms of men's attitudes.

Marjorie Ferguson- These are theories in which Marjorie Ferguson came up with based on the facial expressions:

The chocolate box:this facial expression expresses innocence and kindness through a friendly warm smile. 

The invitational:this shows mischief and mystery in which the model faces away with a slight smile. 

The super-smiler:Has an arrogant attitude through a toothy smile. 

The romantic/sexual:there is no smile, mainly two people. Emphasises availability. 

David gauntlett-is a sociologist and media theorist.His earlier work concerned contemporary media audiences, and has moved towards a focus on the everyday making and sharing of digital media and social media, and the role of such media in self-identity and self-expression.

Micro analysis-representation of gender-The bill

Tv drama-The bill 5 minute clip

In the beginning of the opening clip, there are scenes shown from a previous episode in which the audience sees a high angle shot of the male character holding a gun to a male and female character in a low angle shot. This is a representational issue of gender as it emphasises the male character's power as the gun is seen as a manly weapon mainly used by males. 

The next scene is a mid-shot of both a male and female character, which is accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue and non-diegetic sound of suspenseful background music. The shots in the scene are clipped back and forth between the two characters to capture the diegetic sound of dialogue and their facial expressions due to what has been said in the dialogue. Also, the clips between the shots emphasises the male character's superiority as he is sitting at the head of the desk, which supports the representational issue of gender. Also, the seconds last longer on the male character's shot, establishing the fact that the male character is more significant than the female character. 

The next scene is followed by a high angle of a male character accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue as he speaks down to the female character, which supports the representational issue of gender as this emphasises the male character's demeanour. 

After the title sequence, there is a high angle shot of an area, which appears to be a crime scene due to the a number of police and police cars. There is a medium wide shot of a female character as she steps out of the car in which the female character is dressed in smart casual attire in comparison to the other policemen. This is a representational issue of gender as this emphasises the female character's superiority as she has a higher position than some of the men. The is a pan as it follows the female character as she walks towards a male character accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue. There is medium long shot in which the male character seems to be walking a bit further forward than the female character as he is leading the way to the crime scene, which emphasises his superiority. This is a representational issue of gender. 

The next shot is a medium long shot of the crime scene in which there is a low angle of the younger female character in which then there is a high angle of another male character looking after her. This is a representational issue of gender as this emphasises her vulnerability. The shot is then clipped between the various characters to capture the diegetic sound of dialogue and facial expressions. Then there is long shot of the  female and male character as they leave the crime in which the audience hears the non-diegetic sound of dialogue, which clips onto the next scene. 

The next scene is a medium wide shot of a male character and two police in which they are female and male accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue. The two police characters are in front of the male character in which they are not standing on the pavement,however, the male character is on the pavement which makes him taller than the two characters,;emphasising his demeanour. The male character's demeanour is more emphasises as another female character enters the scene, which supports the representational issue of gender as the male character is seen more powerful than the two female characters despite the female characters position of being policewomen. There is a mid-shot and over-the-shoulder shot which is accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue as the female character speaks to the male character. The shots are clipped back and forth between the male and female character to capture the diegetic sound of dialogue. There is a mid-shot of the female character and policeman as they walk off in which there is a high angle of the female character as her position is higher than the policeman, which supports the representational issue of gender. Then there is a long shot of the younger female character as she is again attended to by a male character, which is a representational issue of gender as this emphasises the young female character's vulnerability.

 The next scene shows a quick close up of a case file, establishing the fact that the scene is now set in an office.Then there is a medium wide shot of the female and male character in which the female character is sat down at her desk while the male character is stood up at her side. This is a representational issue of gender as this emphasises the male character's demeanour. There is another close up of the case files as it is handed to the male character to emphasise the importance of the case files. As the case files are handed to the male character, there is a close up of the male character as he looks through the case files. This is a representational issue of gender as this emphasises that the male character is more capable of handling the case than the female character. There is then a mid shot of the female character accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue to capture her facial expression. The shots clip back and forth between the mid shot of the female character and a close up of one of the case files to emphasise the female character's point about the case file. Then there is a slight tilt down as the male character crouches down to the female character's height as they both look at the case file. This is a representational issue of gender as this emphasises the male character's demeanour as he tries to help the female character. There is then another close up of the case file to emphasise its significance. 

In the next scene, there is a quick close up of the case file again, however, another female character holding it. There is then a medium shot of a policewoman as she walks down the corridor in which we hear the diegetic sound of a telephone ringing. There is a slight pan towards the door in which a policeman speaks the policewoman form the door in which the shot is accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue, As the female character goes to the door the male character opens the door for her, which supports the representational issue of gender as this emphasises the male character's demeanour. Then there is another slight pan, which goes back to the same place in which there is a medium wide shot of  a female and male character as they walk down the corridor, which is accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue. Then there is a high angle of the female and male character as they walk up the stairs in which another male character joins them. Then there is a mid-shot of the three characters in which there is an over-the-shoulder shot as the female character is facing both the male characters. This is a representational issue of gender as this emphasises the male character's capability and demeanour. The shot then clips back and forth between the two male characters and the female character to capture the diegetic sound of dialogue. 

In the next scene, the audience sees a large building in which we see the shot tilted down to a female character dressed in police attire, which is accompanied by the diegetic sound of a police siren. There is then a tracking shot of the female character as she walks towards another female character sitting on a bench. There is a medium wide shot of the two characters accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue. In the medium wide shot a male character also dressed in police attire enters the scene in which he stands by both the female characters in which there is a tilt as the male character crouched down. This is a representational issue of gender as this emphasises the male character's power and capability as he handles the situation. There are mid shots of the three characters to capture their facial expressions as this is accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue from the female character sitting on the bench. The shots are clipped between the characters to capture the exchanged dialogue between the characters and the facial expressions. Then there is a close up of a photo in which the female character holds up to use as evidence in which the male and female character look at each other. 

In the next scene, there is a medium wide shot of a police car as it drives off, which is accompanied by the diegetic sound of the sire. Then there is a jump cut from the outside of the building to the inside in which we see a tracking shot of the female character exiting a door with another female character and a male character, which is accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue. Then there is a long shot of a male character as he speaks to the other three characters. This is a representational issue of gender as this emphasises his demeanour. The shot is then clipped back and forth between the male and female character to capture their facial expressions and dialogue. Then there is a tracking shot of the two female characters as they enter the room to console the female character on the news of her daughter. This is a representational issue of gender as this establishes the fact that the female characters have more capability of handling the situation than the male characters. 

representation of age through editing-micro analysis

Representation of age through editing

There is a high angle of the characters sitting at the table with the eldest character sat at the head of the table. This is a representational issue of age, emphasising the eldest character's superiority. There The youngest character is sat between the two adults to emphasise her vulnerability and interest in the elder character as she asks questions about his life. Then the camera clips between back and forth between the characters to capture the dialogue and their facial expressions. The shot is clipped longer on the eldest character whereas the other characters are shot and clipped at a less amount of time. The camera clips at a high angle of the characters sitting around the table again to emphasise the eldest character sitting at the head of the table, which supports the representational issue of age. 

The shot clips quickly between the characters but stays longer on the eldest character as he explains his life story. This is a representational issue of age as the eldest character is seen as significant as he explains his life story. Then there is a mid shot of the other characters together, however, a close up shot that lasts a few seconds longer with the elder character. 

The camera then clips quickly between the characters to capture their reactions to what the eldest character said in which the shot lasts longer on the eldest character. Then there is another high angle shot of the characters sitting at the table to emphasise the eldest character superiority. There is a slight pan towards the eldest character as he is explaining his story to the other characters. The camera clips back and forth between the characters as they listen to the story in which the shot lasts longer on them to capture their facial expression. 

As the eldest character explains his story, he makes a point in which the camera clips between the characters to emphasise their facial expressions and then it is edited back to the eldest character in which the shot lasts a few seconds longer. Then there is another high angle shot to emphasise that the eldest character is well respected. 

The camera then clips between the mother and daughter in which is is edited to clip onto the mother covering her hand over her daughter's hand, which is a representational issue of age. 

examples of editing

Editing-defining all terms

Editing:

Editing-prepare (written material) for publication by correcting, condensing, or otherwise modifying it.

Shots-a film sequence photographed continuously by one camera.

Scene-

a sequence of continuous action in a play, film, opera, or book.

Sequence-a particular order in which related things follow each other.

Continuity editing- is the predominant style of film editing and video editing in the post-production process of filmmaking of narrative films and television programs. The purpose of continuity editing is to smooth over the inherent discontinuity of the editing process and to establish a logical coherence between shots.

Crossing the line-means shooting consecutive shots from opposite sides of the line. In this example the camera has crossed the line.

Reverse angle-A shot taken from an angle 180° opposed to the previous shot -- that is, the camera is placed opposite its previous position. Scene.

Cinematic space-is an illusion made by broken, partial and virtual elements, which by a sequence and montage of frames creates a total and continuous perception of place.

Cinematic time-The treatment of the flow of time in an audiovisual work. Early motion pictures depicted events linearly and in real time.

Recreation of a clip-bullying

The girls bully Gabriella script

Recreated clip of 'the girls bully Gabriella.'

Micro analysis essay on recreated clip-bullying

In the beginning of the clip, the audience sees a long shot of a character entering the girls toilets in which she adjusts herself image based on the reflection of the mirror she sees herself in. This is accompanied by the non-diegetic sound of dramatic suspense music. This creates tension in the scene and builds suspense. There is a medium shot of the character in which there are different angles that the character is shot at. Then there is a diegetic sound of a door slamming in which the character turns her head toward the sound. This makes the audience wonder where the sound is coming from.

The next shot is a medium long shot of three characters entering the girl’s toilets in which there is an action match as they enter the toilets accompanied by the diegetic sound of footsteps. Then there is an eyeline match medium close up of the main character as the other characters enter the toilets, to capture her facial expression. There is a medium shot of the other characters as they enter the shot, blocking the main character from the character. Then there is a medium shot of the characters as the camera faces the front of them. The camera clips between the main character and the other characters to capture their facial expressions due to the diegetic sound of dialogue. There is a medium close up of the two characters rolling their eyes, which emphasises their hate for the main character. Then there is a close up of the other character as she is talking to the main character. The next shot is a medium long shot of the three characters against the main character accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue. The shot is then at a medium close up of the three characters in which the camera clips to a close up of the main character as she tries to walk away to avoid conflict. Then there is a high angle shot of the characters as the main character tries to walk away, which is accompanied by a non-diegetic sound of dramatic suspense music. This creates tension in the scene. The next shot is a medium close up of the main character, which is also an over the shoulder shot to emphasise the character’s point of view. Then there is a close up as the other character grabs the main character by the neck in which the shot follows by the diegetic sound of screaming and the toilet flushing, which emphasises that the main character is being physically abused by the other characters. The camera then zooms up on the cubicle door, emphasising the abuse that the main character is going through.

The next shot is a medium close up of the character ‘Kasey’ as she looks over to the other character for help. Then there is a high angle shot of the other character leaving in which Kasey looks helpless. The camera is at different angles of Kasey as she looks at the cubicle door helplessly. Then there is a tracking shot of Kasey as she walks out of the toilet doors. Then there camera zooms up on the cubicle door to emphasise that Kasey has left Gabriella in this state. There is a jump cut to Kasey standing outside of the girl’s toilets in which there is a diegetic sound of the corridor doors opening in which a teacher walks down the corridor accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue between the teacher and Kasey. The is a long shot of the two characters entering the girl’s toilets in which there is a jump cut to the two characters inside the girl’s toilets, which is followed by the diegetic sound of dialogue from the teacher. Then the next shot is a medium long shot of the two characters abusing the main character ‘Gabriella,’ this emphasises the action happening in the scene. Also captures the facial expressions of the characters, which shows shock as they have been caught abusing Gabriella. The camera clips between the teacher and the characters as she demands for answers. The teacher accuses Gabriella that she has started the conflict in which there is a close up of Gabriella to capture her facial expression. The camera clips again between the characters and the teacher as the camera captures their facial expressions, accompanied by dialogue. Then there is a close up of the characters as they feel bad for abusing Gabriella in which the camera slightly pans between the two characters to emphasise their apology. Then there is a close up of Gabriella, capturing her facial expression which shows that she is not that fond of their apology. The next shot is a medium long shot of the characters, which clips back to a close up of the teacher to capture the diegetic sound of dialogue. The next shot is a medium close up of the two characters as they give Gabriella a warning look to not complain about them in which we hear the diegetic sound of Gabriella’s reply. Then there is a medium close up of the teacher as she explains to the two characters to stop their bad behaviour in which we see an over the shoulder shot to emphasise the teacher’s point of view. The audience then sees the two characters leave the girl’s toilets as they pass the camera.

  

Micro analysis essay on age-Waterloo road

Micro analysis essay on age-Waterloo road

In the beginning of the clip, the audience captures a tracking shot from the feet of a teacher walking towards a pair of students. We can tell that the character is a teacher as he is wearing different outfit compared to the school students. Then there is a medium wide shot of two characters followed by the diegetic sound of dialogue. Then the camera is at a low angle in which the camera captures the character taking out a camcorder from his jacket to hide it between the chair and desk. The next shot is a tracking shot of the teacher again which is accompanied by the diegetic sound of a cough by the teacher. The shot is then clipped at a fast pace between the characters and the action of holding the camcorder to capture their surprised facial expression as they are caught by the teacher due to the hiding the camcorder. Then there is a medium close up shot of the teacher, which is accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue between the three characters. The camera is more at a close up with the teacher than the student, which emphasises superiority. This is a representational issue of age. The next shot is a medium long shot of the characters accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue, which emphasises the fact that the two characters are being told off. Both the medium close up shot and the medium long shot are repeated to emphasise from different point of views of the conflict between the students and the teacher. The next shot is a medium close up of one of the students, which is shown as an over-the-shoulder shot from the teacher’s side. This emphasises the representational issue of age. The next shot is a medium close up of the teacher in which there is a diegetic sound of the teacher as he clicks his fingers to demand the student to confess in which the camera moves down to capture the student giving the teacher a broken camcorder. Then there is a medium close up of the broken camcorder as the teacher holds it up, which is accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue from the teacher.

There is a tracking shot in which the camera follows a second teacher entering the scene, which is followed by the diegetic sound of dialogue. The audience can tell that this is a teacher as their clothing is different to the younger students, which is a representational issue of age. There is a medium close up of the second teacher to capture her facial expression as she is annoyed by the broken piece of school equipment. The shot is clipped between each character to capture their facial expression, which is also an over-the-shoulder shot, which emphasises each character’s point of view.

The next scene is a slight pan towards a student leaning against the doorframe. There is a medium long shot of another character as he walks towards the student, which is accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue. The audience can tell that the character is older as he has different clothing compared to the student as the student is wearing uniform. Also, the fact that the character has a pencil in his ear means that he has a job, making the character older than the student. This is a representational issue of age. Then there is a medium close up of the student to capture his facial expression as he hears his name being called out. There is a close up of both characters, which is followed by the diegetic sound of dialogue. The camera clips between the two characters to capture their facial expression due to the diegetic sound of dialogue.

The next scene is a long shot of two characters accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue in which they are walking in a busy corridor. Another character enters the scene in which there is a medium long shot of the three characters accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue. There is a medium close up of the third character, which is also an over-the-shoulder shot, which emphasises the other characters point of view. Then the next shot is a medium close up as she spots another character in which she runs up towards that character. The shot is a long shot as the character starts running in which the camera is at the back of the character as he is still running. There is a medium long shot of the two characters as the camera captures the action match of the shot.

The next scene is a long shot of a teacher and students in a classroom. The teacher is dressed in different attire compared to the student’s uniform, which makes it clear for the audience to identify the difference between the characters and their age, which is also represented by the teacher being stood up while the students are sat down. The next shot is a medium close up between the characters in the class, which is accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue. The next shot is a medium long shot of one of the students entering in the classroom which is followed by the diegetic sound of dialogue and non-diegetic sound of background music, which is quite a fast tempo to build up suspense.

There is an action match shot in the next scene, which is accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue and non-diegetic sound of background music, which is stereotypically the type of music that teenagers would listen to as it is fast paced. This would be considered as a representational issue of age. The camera clips between the shots quickly between the two characters to capture their facial expressions due to the diegetic sound of dialogue. The next shot is a high angle of the teacher as he enters the room in which he helps the student to breathe, which emphasises his superiority. This is a representational issue of age. The camera clips between the three characters quickly to create dramatic effect as the student struggling to breathe is a serious situation.

The final scene is a high angle of a teacher in which the camera clips to a low angle of a much younger teacher, which is accompanied by the diegetic sound of dialogue and non-diegetic sound of background music. This is ironic as the elder teacher is dressed in attire that is stereotypically worn by teenagers. The non-diegetic sound of music is stereotypically the type of music that teenagers would listen to, also, the music emphasises the teacher’s attire of him wearing jeans and a t-shirt. This is a representational issue of age. The non-diegetic sound of the background music stops as he speaks with another teacher. There is a medium close up between the teacher and a different teacher as there is the diegetic sound of dialogue in which the camera clips between the two characters to capture their facial expression due to the dialogue.